In another arm of the study, the investigators compared the cumulative incidence of cerebrovascular disease according to their SBP in individuals with normal, borderline and elevated blood glucose, separately (Figure). The authors reported that, "a linear relationship was observed between cumulative incidence rates of coronary artery disease and SBP categories across all glucose tolerance status designations using SBP below 119 mmHg as the reference". In one arm of the study, they compared the cumulative incidence of coronary artery disease according to their SBP in individuals with normal, borderline and elevated blood glucose, separately (Figure). In the Diabetes Care paper, the authors addressed these research questions using a nationwide claims-based database that included information on 805,992 people enrolled with a health insurance provider for company employees and their dependents in Japan. "Therefore, our cohort study aimed to determine the associations of SBP and DBP with the incidence of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease according to glucose status" says Prof. Mayuko Harada Yamada and colleagues to investigate the relationships between elevated blood pressure, glucose status and cardiovascular disease (like new-onset coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease). This is the first study investigating the impact of SBP/DBP levels on coronary artery disease / cerebrovascular disease in the same population according to glucose tolerance status in real-world settings". However, little is known regarding whether elevated BP versus normal BP is specifically associated with a higher risk for coronary artery disease / cerebrovascular disease according to glucose tolerance status in real-world settings. This guideline showed that the normal level is less than 120/80 mm Hg and SBP 120-129 mm Hg and DBP<80 mm Hg is elevated BP. Kazuya Fujihara of the Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, said "The 2017 American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) BP guideline defined blood pressure >130/80 mm Hg as hypertension.
This theory led the authors to propose a hypothesis for their study. Moreover, although a high blood glucose status is itself associated with a high likelihood for the development of cardiovascular disease, it is not known whether the blood glucose status plays any role in the relationship between high blood pressure and cardiovascular events. However, whether these observations hold for increases in DBP is not known. Similarly, the likelihood of dying from a cardiovascular event increases as the SBP rises. As reported by previous studies in Asia and elsewhere, as the level of SBP rises, the risk of developing cardiovascular disease increases, too. Worldwide, high blood pressure is a common and strong risk factor for the development of cardiovascular disease. Hypertension is diagnosed if, when it is measured on two different days, the systolic blood pressure (SBP) readings on both days is ≥140 mmHg and/or the diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings on both days is ≥90 mmHg.
The second (diastolic) number represents the pressure in the vessels when the heart rests between beats. The first (systolic) number represents the pressure in blood vessels when the heart contracts or beats. Hypertension is when blood pressure is too high.īlood pressure is written as two numbers. Blood pressure is the force manifested by circulating blood against the walls of the body's arteries, the major blood vessels in the body. Niigata, Japan - An estimated 1.13 billion people worldwide have hypertension or high blood pressure, and two-thirds of these individuals are living in low- and middle-income countries. Image: Kaplan-Meier analysis of unadjusted overall time to incidence of coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular disease according to combinations of glucose status and categories of SBP.